FAQ – ICCP Active Anode Systems for Water Heaters
General Questions
What is an active anode (ICCP system)?
An active anode system uses impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) to reduce corrosion inside a water heater. It consists of a mixed-oxide-coated titanium electrode and a potentiostat that regulates protective current.
How is it different from a magnesium anode?
A magnesium anode is a consumable component that dissolves over time. An ICCP system uses external power to provide controlled protection without material consumption.
Is an active anode maintenance-free?
Active anode systems are virtually maintenance-free. No replacement is required, but periodic visual checks of the potentiostat LED are recommended.
Do ICCP systems require power?
Yes. ICCP systems require continuous mains power. Long-term disconnection removes corrosion protection.
Technical Operation
How does the system control corrosion?
The potentiostat works as an interrupter. It briefly interrupts the protective current to measure the actual tank potential, calculates the required current, and then injects the precise protective current — all at millisecond intervals.
What voltage does the system use?
The potentiostat maintains a setpoint protective potential of approximately 2.3 V for enamelled steel tanks and 1.9 V for stainless steel tanks according to DIN 4753-3.
How much electricity does it use?
The system is highly efficient. Total power consumption is typically less than 2.5 kWh per year, which corresponds to approximately 1–2 € in electricity costs depending on local tariffs.
Does the titanium electrode wear out?
The mixed-oxide-coated titanium electrode is non-sacrificial and practically wear-free under normal operating conditions. It is designed to operate throughout the service life of the water heater.
What is the lifespan of the electrode?
The electrode is dimensionally stable and designed to last for the entire service life of the water heater, often exceeding 10–15 years depending on operating conditions.
What happens during a power outage?
During a power outage, corrosion protection is temporarily interrupted. Short outages are usually not critical, but continuous operation is required for permanent protection.
Installation and Compatibility
Can I replace my magnesium anode with an active anode?
Yes. In most cases, the system is installed in the same port (G ¾”, G 1″, G 1¼”) as the existing magnesium anode using adapter sleeves.
Will it fit my water heater?
Active anode systems are compatible with most standard European tanks, including commonly used models from Buderus, Viessmann and Vaillant. Compatibility depends on thread size, tank geometry, and internal configuration.
Do I need special tools for installation?
Basic tools are sufficient (e.g. wrench, sealing tape). Proper grounding and electrical isolation must be ensured during installation.
Can it be installed in stainless steel tanks?
Yes. Systems for stainless steel tanks use a lower setpoint (1.9 V) to maintain appropriate protective conditions and reduce the risk of over-protection.
Performance and Water Quality
Will it eliminate the “rotten egg” smell?
ICCP systems do not introduce dissolving metals into the water and help maintain more stable electrochemical conditions, which in many cases reduces the likelihood of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) formation.
Does it reduce sludge buildup?
The non-sacrificial titanium electrode eliminates sludge originating from the anode itself, thereby reducing overall sediment formation from this source.
Does it affect drinking water quality?
No. The system does not release metals into the water and is suitable for potable water systems when installed correctly.
Monitoring and Troubleshooting
How do I know the system is working?
- Green (steady): Normal operation
- Flashing or red: Fault (check power, grounding, connections, water level)
- No light: No mains power or potentiostat issue
What are common installation mistakes?
- Poor grounding (connection made to painted surface instead of bare metal)
- Missing or incorrect insulation of the electrode
- No continuous power supply
- Incorrect electrode length for tank size
- Leaving the old magnesium anode installed together with the ICCP electrode
Selection and Support
How do I choose the correct system?
System selection depends on tank volume, material, and internal configuration. Indicative values are provided in the technical specifications, but exact selection should be verified.
What information is needed for accurate selection?
- Tank volume
- Tank material (enamelled or stainless steel)
- Number of heat exchangers
- Photo of the data plate (type label)
Can I get help with system selection?
Yes. A clear photo of the data plate and connection point allows accurate identification of tank type, thread size, and required electrode configuration.
Important Notes
The potentiostat must remain continuously connected to mains power. Disconnecting it immediately stops corrosion protection.
Technical Specifications →
Installation Guide →
Common Problems →
Active vs Magnesium →
Contact Support →